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커뮤니티
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초록· 키워드
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It was with the conquest of Rome as a momentum that large estates really grew in northern Gaul where the classical feudalism would develop. Documentary records of the early Middle Ages and the results of recent archaeological investigations show that the large estates called 'villa' developed under the domination of the Roman Empire. But the size of a villa at that time was far smaller than that of manor in the feudal society of the Middle Ages. In the meantime the transition from common land system to private land system and the growth of subordinate landownership relation were gradually under way in the Germanic society under the influence of her own expansion of productivity and the contact with Romanized Gallic society since the Roman conquest of Gaul. But the decisive moment of the formation of large landownership in the Germanic society came from the cession of the Romans' vast land to the Germans and unequal land allotment among the Germans in the process of settlement after the great Germanic migration.
Although the large estates had still more reduced owing to the land cession, they extraordinarily extended and widely spread in the early medieval society. The royal domain of the Frankish kingdom was formed on the basis of the Roman imperial domain confiscated in the process of the Frankish conquest of Gaul and enlarged as the kingdom extended throughout the Western Europe. There is no doubt that secular men of power and ecclesiastical institutions accumulated considerable lands by reasonable methods such as reclamation and volunteer donation. But immense lands which such influential men including ecclesiastical institutions possessed were, in fact, secured by their depriving free peasants of lands under direct or indirect compulsion and pressure or by trickery.
The seigneurial great landed property system was formed through such process in the region where feudalism of the western Europe classically developed. Therefore we can say that a character of violence represented as the seizure of natives' lands by conquerors and depriving of the social weak's properties by influential persons pierces and controls the forming process of seigneurial large landownership from the Roman conquest of Gaul to the 9th century when feudal society came into existence.
Although the large estates had still more reduced owing to the land cession, they extraordinarily extended and widely spread in the early medieval society. The royal domain of the Frankish kingdom was formed on the basis of the Roman imperial domain confiscated in the process of the Frankish conquest of Gaul and enlarged as the kingdom extended throughout the Western Europe. There is no doubt that secular men of power and ecclesiastical institutions accumulated considerable lands by reasonable methods such as reclamation and volunteer donation. But immense lands which such influential men including ecclesiastical institutions possessed were, in fact, secured by their depriving free peasants of lands under direct or indirect compulsion and pressure or by trickery.
The seigneurial great landed property system was formed through such process in the region where feudalism of the western Europe classically developed. Therefore we can say that a character of violence represented as the seizure of natives' lands by conquerors and depriving of the social weak's properties by influential persons pierces and controls the forming process of seigneurial large landownership from the Roman conquest of Gaul to the 9th century when feudal society came into existence.
목차
1. 머리말
2. 게르만족의 서유럽 정착기까지의 토지소유 동향
3. 게르만족의 정착 후 중세 초기의 대토지소유제 발전
4. 맺음말
Abstract
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