The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions of ego-resilience and social supports in the school adjustment in children. The subjects of this study were 479 children drawn from the fourth and sixth grades of three elementary schools in Cheongju city. The pilot study was done to examine the applicability of survey instruments. Data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, Cronbach"s t-test, ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, correlation, and hierarchial analysis using the SPSSWIN program. The results of this research were as follows: First, the results showed that the effects of the interaction of ego-resilience and social supports on school adjustment were different according to the children"s gender and age. Second, teacher supports had influence on school life satisfaction, interest in the subject, attitude in class, and observance of school rules according to the children"s gender and age. Finally, overall, the influence of school life satisfaction, interest in subjects, attitude in class, and observance of school rules was greater for girls than boys.