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지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
This paper aims to describe the structural similarity between Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU in Manju i yargiyan kooli (hereafter, MYK) on their distribution and meaning. It is likely that Manchu and Mongolian share common features due to their long history of geographical and cultural interaction, despite their genetic irrelevance.
Many previous studies have described that when Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU are used as a finite verbal suffix, they refer to ‘future tense.’ However, the distribution and the meaning of the two forms in MYK suggest a different idea: (1) Manchu -rA cannot form an indicative sentence when it is used as a finite verbal suffix, referring only to first-person subject unless it occurs with other grammatical markers such as a negative suffix akū, wh-words, or a prohibitive word ume to form a negative, an interrogative, or a prohibitive sentence, respectively; (2) Likewise, Mongolian -QU cannot occur in an indicative sentence as a finite verbal suffix, unless it precedes copula bui to form a nominal sentence. Thus, I conclude that at the period of MYK, Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU did not function as an indicative verbal suffix referring to future tense.
It is likely that the restricted distribution of Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU is a result of diachronic development of -mbi and -mU, respectively. In other Tungusic languages where forms like -mbi have not developed, the cognates of -rA still occur in indicative sentences with no person-restriction. In Middle Mongol where forms in -mU refer to present tense, forms in –QU occur as the exclusive future tense in indicative sentences.
Many previous studies have described that when Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU are used as a finite verbal suffix, they refer to ‘future tense.’ However, the distribution and the meaning of the two forms in MYK suggest a different idea: (1) Manchu -rA cannot form an indicative sentence when it is used as a finite verbal suffix, referring only to first-person subject unless it occurs with other grammatical markers such as a negative suffix akū, wh-words, or a prohibitive word ume to form a negative, an interrogative, or a prohibitive sentence, respectively; (2) Likewise, Mongolian -QU cannot occur in an indicative sentence as a finite verbal suffix, unless it precedes copula bui to form a nominal sentence. Thus, I conclude that at the period of MYK, Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU did not function as an indicative verbal suffix referring to future tense.
It is likely that the restricted distribution of Manchu -rA and Mongolian -QU is a result of diachronic development of -mbi and -mU, respectively. In other Tungusic languages where forms like -mbi have not developed, the cognates of -rA still occur in indicative sentences with no person-restriction. In Middle Mongol where forms in -mU refer to present tense, forms in –QU occur as the exclusive future tense in indicative sentences.
목차
1. 만주어와 몽골어
2. 퉁구스제어와 만주어의 시상체계
3. <만주실록>에 나타난 만주어 -rA와 몽골어 -QU
4. 맺음말
참고문헌
Abstract
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