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학제간연구 과학기술학 뇌인지과학 기술정책 기타 복합학

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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국기독교학회 한국기독교신학논총 한국기독교신학논총 제26집
발행연도
2002.10
수록면
187 - 215 (29page)

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초록· 키워드

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In Korea, the theologians have not provided explicit academic response to Conscientious Objection. The problem of Conscientious Objection falls on the Christian ethicists rather than jurists, judicial officers or pastors of Korean Church. The Military Manpower Administration and the Ministry of National Defense which are directly related with the military service, strongly oppose Conscientious Objection. The right wing groups composed of ex-soldiers oppose Conscientious Objection, too. Some conservative Christians, who consider Conscientious Objection as a grant of favor and advantage for the Jehovah`s Witnesses, also oppose it. The main reasons for opposition are condensed into three. First, not all the freedom of conscience can be accepted. Second, military service is an unavoidable duty for national security and the lives of people. Third, Conscientious Objection can be a grant of advantage for the Jehovah`s Witnesses. The jurists and judicial officers are strongly in favor of Conscientious Objection, let alone the Human Rights groups. Some Christians who recognize Pacifism in the main tradition of Christianity also support Conscientious Objection. The main reason for support are like these. First, the freedom of conscience is an unchallengeable right. Therefore, none can enforce an individual to act against his conscience. Second, recognition for Conscientious Objection and adoption of alternative military service system do not threaten national security even in this confrontation situation. Third, every human right, including that of Jehovah`s Witness, should be respected. There are some arguing points in responding to Conscientious Objection. First, whether conscience is faultless or not. But every decision based on conscience should be respected regardless of its outer way of expression. Second, whether we choose just War or Pacifism. But we need to adopt complementary principle. Both Conscientious Objection based on Pacifism and military service based on just War should be equally respected. Third, whether we choose "Gesinnungsethik" or "Verantwortungsethik." But we need to embrace both. We should respect Conscientious Objectors who follow the Sermon on the Mount. At the same time, we should respect supporters of military service who act flexibly based on "Verantwortungsethik". Fourth, whether loving of enemy is just an ideal concept or reality. But both the Conscientious Objectors and supporters of military service should love their enemy. Fifth, whether we need to respect human right of heretics, But human right itself should be respected because all men including heretics are created following the image of God(Imago Dei). The debate on Conscientious Objection makes a meaningful contribution as follows. First, through this debate, we realize that both being armed and being unarmed should be for peace. Second, the debate bring people into political decision which has been an exclusive area of politicians. Third, the debate encourages us to ask what has been accepted without due consideration, to tolerate different view of others and to realize that truth goes beyond a majority voting. For a proper approach to the problem of Conscientious Objection, we need to establish social background as follows. First, we need to punish severely on the shameless, who illegally try to be exempted from the conscription through their power or bribe. Second, we need a revision of law to recognize Conscientious Objection. And we need to establish criteria to qualify Conscientious Objectors. Third, we should restore the right of the conscientious prisoners and the released convicts who still suffer from prejudice and discrimination in our society. Fourth, we should provide alternatives for those who deny conscription and for those who refuse military training to use guns. Finally, we should offer some advantages to those who fulfill their military service. With the social background mentioned above, we can make a further step for a

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