본 연구는 포항지역의 포스코 및 외주파트너사에 근무하는 임•직원 425명을 대상으로 CSR활동이 기업이미지, 조직동일시, 기업가치에 영향을 미치는지 분석하였으며, 또한 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 CSR활동이 기업이미지, 조직동일시에 영향을 미치는 관계에서 CSR연관성의 조절효과를 실증분석을 통해 검증하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, CSR활동은 기업이미지, 조직동일시, 기업가치에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기업이미지는 기업가치에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 실증분석의 결과로 포스코의 기업 PR이 안고 있는 문제점 및 한계점을 반영한 결과라고 할 수 있다. 포스코는 기업특성상 일반 대중들이 실생활에서 손쉽게 구입하거나 이용할 수 있는 상품이 아닌 철강을 생산하는 기업이기 때문에 일반 대중들이 가지고 있는 포스코의 기업이미지가 기업가치에 큰 영향을 미치지 못한 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 조직동일시는 기업가치에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, CSR연관성은 기업이미지에 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, CSR연관성은 조직동일시에 조절효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 CSR활동, 기업이미지, 조직동일시 및 기업가치 간의 영향관계와 CSR연관성의 조절효과를 통합 모형을 통해 검증하였는데 그 의의가 있으며, 본 연구에서 발견한 CSR활동에 대한 실증적인 결과는 기업실무에 다양한 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 기업이 CSR활동을 기업이미지 제고를 위한 단순한 활동이 아닌 기업의 지속가능성과 경쟁우위 원천을 위해 필수적으로 수행해야 하는 행동으로 인식해야 할 것이며, CSR활동은 강제적으로 수행하는 것이 아니라 기업의 특성 및 제품이나 서비스의 특성에 맞는 CSR활동을 수행해야 하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 기업이 투명한 경영을 실천하고 조직구성원들이 자사에 대한 자부심을 가지고 CSR활동을 진정성 있게 실천할 수 있도록 장기적인 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.
Based on the survey results for the 425 officers and employees in POSCO and outsourcing partner companies in Pohang, this study investigates the effects of CSR activities on corporate image, organizational identification and firm value. In doing so, the study also examines whether CSR relevance moderates the effect of CSR activities on corporate image, and organizational identification. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, CSR activities have a positive effect on corporate image, organizational identification and firm value. This result implies that CSR activities performed by the firm improve the organizational identification of the members on the one hand and enhance the corporate image on the other hand, ultimately increase firm value. Second, corporate image has no effect on firm value. This is a result of the empirical analysis reflecting the problems and limitations of POSCO"s corporate PR. That is, unlike the other consumer products companies, POSCO does not advertise much in general and especially does not aggressively advertise its CSR activities, so ordinary consumers are not fully aware of POSCO"s corporate image. In addition, since POSCO and its outsourcing partner companies are producing steel and steel-related products rather than consumer products that ordinary people can easily purchase and use in real life, POSCO"s corporate image is not deeply recognized by the general public, and thus has not had a significant impact on corporate value. Third, organizational identification affects firm value positively. The reason why organizational identification improves firm value is that as the organizational identification of the corporate members improves, they are able to increase their productivities by focusing more on their work with high affection for the company they serve. Fourth, CSR relevance has a moderating effect on the relation between CSR activities and corporate image. This result provides an important implication for all companies engaged in CSR activities, that is, both CSR activities and authenticity of CSR activities perceived by consumers are equally important for improving corporate image, Fifth, CSR relevance does not moderate the effect of CSR activities on organizational identification. This study has examined the effects of CSR activities on corporate image, organizational identification and corporate value, and the moderating effect of CSR relevance on the relation between CSR activities and corporate image or organizational identification through an integrated structural equation model. The empirical results found in this study provide various implications for corporate practice. First of all, it is important for corporations to recognize that their CSR activities are not merely actions to enhance corporate image, but strategies that must be carried out for corporate sustainability and sources of competitive advantage. In addition, CSR activities should be carried out voluntarily by the members of the company. Also CSR activities should be performed that match the business types of companies and characteristics of their products or services. Finally long-term measures should be put in place to ensure that companies carry out transparent management and that their members take pride in their company and practiceBased on the survey results for the 425 officers and employees in POSCO and outsourcing partner companies in Pohang, this study investigates the effects of CSR activities on corporate image, organizational identification and firm value. In doing so, the study also examines whether CSR relevance moderates the effect of CSR activities on corporate image, and organizational identification.