본 연구에서는 다양한 분야에서 선별한 96편의 리터러시 관련 연구를 정의 및 역량군 중심으로 분석한 후에, 분석 내용을 바탕으로 시대에 따른 리터러시 정의 변화 및 역량군 분류를 통한 시사점을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미디어, 디지털, ICT 리터러시의 경우, 초기에는 미디어, 디지털 기기, 정보기기 등을 활용하는 능력을 중심으로 정의하였으나, 세대 변화에 따라 정의적 영역과 사회적 영역이 포함되고 강조되기 시작하였다. 최근에는 디지털 시대를 살아가는 데 필요한 역량 중심으로 정의가 변화하고 있다. 이와 같은 현상은 비교적 최근에 정의된 인공지능 리터러시에서도 비슷하게 나타났다. 둘째, 분석한 내용을 바탕으로 리터러시 역량군을 분류하였다. 미디어 리터러시는 4개 영역 23개 역량, 디지털 리터러시는 3개 영역 20개 역량, ICT 리터러시는 4개 영역 18개 역량, 인공지능 리터러시는 2개 영역 6개 역량으로 분류하였다. 리터러시 역량군 역시 초기에는 인지적 영역에 집중되는 모습을 보였으나 최근에는 정의적 영역이나 사회적 영역 등 다양한 영역이 포함되고 있다. 이러한 분석을 통하여 최근 주목받고 있는 게임 리터러시의 개념을 정립할 때 필요한 시사점을 도출하였다.
This paper analyzed 96 literacy-related studies selected in various fields, focusing on definitions and competency groups. And based on the analysis, the implications of the change in the definition of literacy according to the times and the classification of competency groups were examined. The results and implications of this study are as follows. First, in the case of media, digital, and ICT literacy, it was initially defined around the ability to use media, digital devices, and information devices, but over time, the affective and social domains were included and emphasized. In recent years, the definition has been changing around the competencies required to live in the digital age. This phenomenon was similarly shown in artificial intelligence literacy, which was defined relatively recently. Second, the literacy competency group was classified based on the analyzed contents. Media literacy was classified into 23 competencies in 4 areas, digital literacy into 20 competencies in 3 areas, ICT literacy into 18 competencies in 4 areas, and artificial intelligence literacy into 6 competencies in 2 areas. The literacy competency group also showed concentration in the cognitive domain in the early days, but recently, various areas such as the affective domain and the social domain are included.This paper analyzed 96 literacy-related studies selected in various fields, focusing on definitions and competency groups. And based on the analysis, the implications of the change in the definition of literacy according to the times and the classification of competency groups were examined. The results and implications of this study are as follows. First, in the case of media, digital, and ICT literacy, it was initially defined around the ability to use media, digital devices, and information devices, but over time, the affective and social domains were included and emphasized. In recent years, the definition has been changing around the competencies required to live in the digital age. This phenomenon was similarly shown in artificial intelligence literacy, which was defined relatively recently. Second, the literacy competency group was classified based on the analyzed contents. Media literacy was classified into 23 competencies in 4 areas, digital literacy into 20 competencies in 3 areas, ICT literacy into 18 competencies in 4 areas, and artificial intelligence literacy into 6 competencies in 2 areas. The literacy competency group also showed concentration in the cognitive domain in the early days, but recently, various areas such as the affective domain and the social domain are included.This paper analyzed 96 literacy-related studies selected in various fields, focusing on definitions and competency groups. And based on the analysis, the implications of the change in the definition of literacy according to the times and the classification of competency groups were examined. The results and implications of this study are as follows. First, in the case of media, digital, and ICT literacy, it was initially defined around the ability to use media, digital devices, and information devices, but over time, the affective and social domains were included and emphasized. In recent years, the definition has been changing around the competencies required to live in the digital age. This phenomenon was similarly shown in artificial intelligence literacy, which was defined relatively recently. Second, the literacy competency group was classified based on the analyzed contents. Media literacy was classified into 23 competencies in 4 areas, digital literacy into 20 competencies in 3 areas, ICT literacy into 18 competencies in 4 areas, and artificial intelligence literacy into 6 competencies in 2 areas. The literacy competency group also showed concentration in the cognitive domain in the early days, but recently, various areas such as the affective domain and the social domain are included.